^B{^#!16!17 October^N! Feast day of The Ursuline Martyrs of Valenciennes, Saints Ethelbert and Ethelred, St John the Dwarf, St Anstrudis or Austrude, St Seraphino, St Nothelm, St Ignatius of Antioch, and St Rule.
^B{1651^B} Charles II, defeated by Cromwell at Worcester, fled to France, destitute and friendless. ^B{1777^B} British commander General Burgoyne surrendered to General Horatio Gates at Saratoga, a victory for the American colonists. ^B{1914^B} An earthquake struck Greece and Asia Minor, killing over 3,000 people. ^B{1931^B} US gangster Al Capone was sentenced to 11 years in prison for income-tax evasion, the only charge that could be sustained against him. ^B{1956^B} Calder Hall, Britain's first nuclear power station, was opened. ^B{1959^B} The South African De Beers diamond firm announced that synthetic industrial diamonds had been produced. ^B{1977^B} A US Supreme Court ruling allowed Concorde to use Kennedy Airport, New York.
^B{^I{^#!14!Born ^N}John Wilkes, British political reformer, ^B{1727^B}; Karen Blixen (Isak Dinesen), Danish author, ^B{1885^B}; Nathaniel West, US novelist, ^B{1903^B}; Arthur Miller, US dramatist, ^B{1915^B}; Rita Hayworth, US film actress, ^B{1918^B}; Montgomery Clift, US film actor; Ann Jones, English tennis player, ^B{1938^B}.
^B{^I{^#!14!Died ^N}Philip Sidney, English poet and soldier, ^B{1586^B}; FrΘdΘric Chopin, Polish composer, ^B{1849^B}; Gustav Robert Kirchoff, German physicist, ^B{1887^B}; Julia Ward Howe, US author, ^B{1910^B}; S J Perelman, US humorist, ^B{1979^B}; William Paton, English pharmacologist, ^B{1993^B}.
